1 Timothy 3:10
And let these also first be proved; then let them use the office of a deacon, being found blameless.
Original Language Analysis
καὶ
also
G2532
καὶ
also
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
1 of 9
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
οὗτοι
these
G3778
οὗτοι
these
Strong's:
G3778
Word #:
2 of 9
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
δοκιμαζέσθωσαν
be proved
G1381
δοκιμαζέσθωσαν
be proved
Strong's:
G1381
Word #:
4 of 9
to test (literally or figuratively); by implication, to approve
εἶτα
then
G1534
εἶτα
then
Strong's:
G1534
Word #:
6 of 9
a particle of succession (in time or logical enumeration), then, moreover
διακονείτωσαν
let them use the office of a deacon
G1247
διακονείτωσαν
let them use the office of a deacon
Strong's:
G1247
Word #:
7 of 9
to be an attendant, i.e., wait upon (menially or as a host, friend, or (figuratively) teacher); technically, to act as a christian deacon
Historical Context
In the Greco-Roman world, public offices were often purchased or granted through patronage. The church operates differently—leaders must be tested and proven over time. The Ephesian church likely had a period of observation where potential deacons served informally before formal recognition. This protected both the church from unqualified leaders and candidates from premature responsibility.
Questions for Reflection
- What does a proper 'testing period' for ministry candidates look like in practice?
- Why does faithful service in small, unseen things qualify someone for larger responsibility?
- How can churches balance the need for workers with the requirement to thoroughly test candidates?
Analysis & Commentary
And let these also first be proved (καὶ οὗτοι δὲ δοκιμαζέσθωσαν πρῶτον, kai houtoi de dokimazesthōsan prōton)—'let them first be tested.' Dokimazō means to examine, scrutinize, approve after testing—the same word used for testing metals for purity. Then let them use the office of a deacon (eita diakoneitōsan)—'then let them serve as deacons.'
Being found blameless (ἀνέγκλητοι ὄντες, anegklētoi ontes)—'being without reproach,' the same term used for elders (3:2). The testing period proves character under observation—how does the candidate handle responsibilities? Respond to criticism? Manage finances? Serve when no one's watching?
No one should be thrust immediately into diaconal ministry. Character must be proven through faithful service in small things before being entrusted with greater responsibility (Luke 16:10). The church observes, evaluates, and only then officially recognizes those who have demonstrated fitness.